In europe it is considered as the most harmful insect pest on castanea sativa. Cynipidae develops in chestnut buds that remain asymptomatic from oviposition junejuly until budburst. Species biodiversity of slovenia and ecosystem health slovenia is known for very high species diversity. The chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus is a global pest of chestnut castanea. Dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, 1951 oriental chestnut gall wasp on castanea. Risk assessment of dryocosmus kuriphilus european food. Chinese chestnut castanea mollissima blume can be infested by dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, resulting in gall formation and yield losses. Breeding of chestnut varieties resistant to chestnut gall. Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a species of gall wasp known by the common names chestnut gall wasp, oriental chestnut gall wasp, and asian chestnut gall wasp.
Established as a pest in the mid 20th century in japan, korea and the usa, this species has now reached europe. Effects of gall formation by dryocosmus kuriphilus on the growth of the japanese chestnut tree castanea crenaia were investigated from 1988 to 1989 using 15 wild trees. Miestne rozsirovanie nastava priamo presunom napadnutych mladych rastlin alebo letom dospelych samiciek. Electroantennographic responses of dryocosmus kuriphilus to. Native parasitoids associated with dryocosmus kuriphilus in. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Successful deployment of a biocontrol agent, torymus sinensis, in japan has led to its early release in italy. Thus far, however, quantitative assessments of the impact of d. The impact of invasive fungal pathogens and pests on trees is often studied individually, thereby omitting possible interactions. The panel on plant health was requested by the european commission to deliver a scientific opinion on the risk posed by the oriental chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus to the eu territory and to identify and evaluate risk management options. Assessing the impact of dryocosmus kuriphilus on the chestnut. I, the holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license. A new gall wasp species, dryocosmus zhuili liu et zhu, is herein described from the southeastern fujian province of china. A global serious pest of chestnut trees, dryocosmus.
Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a member of the oak gall wasp tribe cynipini, and is one of only two species in this tribe to induce galls on castanea felt, 1940. Asian chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus hymenoptera. Research on the control of gall wasps using genomics approaches is rarely reported. Chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus is considered throughout the world as one of the most important pests of the chestnut tree. One species with dubious status, neuroterus haasi kie. Oriental chestnut gall wasp ocgw, dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, 1951 insecta, hymenoptera, cynipoidea, cynipidae, cynipini is the only confirmed gall wasp species known to induce galls on chestnut trees in the genus castanea mill. Annals of the entomological society of america 100. Classical biological control against the chestnut gall. Pdf dryocosmus kuriphilus is one of the most damaging pests of castanea spp. Early instar larvae overwinter inside chestnut buds. Pdf the presence of chestnut gall wasp was reported for the first time in northern italy in 2002 and has subsequently spread rapidly in central and. No significant relationships between the number of emerged t. Dryocosmus and chilaspis are closely related to the other oak gall wasp taxa aphelonyx, plagiotrochus, pseudoneuroterus, trichagalma, and some neuroterus species dryocosmus kuriphilus is an invasive species in europe 2 and north america originating from asia that endangers the chestnut trees.
Mean leaf area on galled shoots currently expanded was about a half that on ungalled shoots. Impact of the asian chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus. It is native to china and it is known in many other parts of the world, particularly the northern hemisphere, as an introduced species and an invasive horticultural pest. Dryocosmus kuriphilus has become a major issue for chestnut castanea sativa cultivation since its introduction in europe. This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible.
Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a global serious pest of chestnut. A viable management option for the biological control of dryocosmus kuriphilus. Pdf endemic parasitoids of dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu. Dryocosmus kuriphilus oriental chestnut gall wasp cabi.
Parasitoid recruitment to the globally invasive chestnut gall. Symptoms top of page galls are unilocular or multilocular, 520 mm in diameter, green or rosecoloured, often containing portions of developing leaves, stems and petioles. Response of torymus sinensis, a parasitoid of the gallforming dryocosmus kuriphilus, to olfactory and visual cues ignazio graziosi, lynne k. Community associates of an exotic gallmaker, dryocosmus. In june 2015 the first finding of dryocosmus kuriphilus oriental chestnut gall wasp in the uk was confirmed, in a kent woodland. After 30 d the branches were excised and taken to the laboratory. Native and introduced parasitoids attacking the invasive chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus. Pdf chemical cues for host location by the chestnut gall wasp.
Quick detection of dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu. Arthropod biology community associates of an exotic gallmaker, dryocosmus kuriphilus hymenoptera. Nonnative insects in urban and forest areas of slovenia and. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Parasitoid recruitment to the globally invasive chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus. Nonnative insects in urban and forest areas of slovenia. Biological control of the invasive dryocosmus kuriphilus. Endemic parasitoids of dryocosmus kuriphilus y asumatsu.
Following the successful release of a biological control agent torymus sinensis in japan, this parasitoid species has been released in italy since 2005. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. They develop on young twigs, on leaf petioles or on the midrib of the leaves. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The experience with oriental chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, 1951 hymenoptera. Rieske1 department of entomology, university of kentucky, s225 ag north, lexington, ky 405460091. State regulated list this map identifies those states that list this species on their regulated list. Parasitoid recruitment to the globally invasive chestnut. Most of phytophagous species are associated with introduction of plants on which they are specialists, but some have also shifted from introduced to native plant hosts. However, these numbers can vary depending on the susceptibility of the. Pdf the chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus is a global pest of chestnut castanea spp. Gall structure affects ecological associations of dryocosmus. Unsubscribe from agricoltura, alimentazione sistemi verdi. We do not use these to store personal information about you.
Dec 01, 2005 read dryocosmus kuriphilus, eppo bulletin on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, was gen erated in okayama prefecture located. Dryocosmus kuriphilus dryckuoverview eppo global database. The new species induces galls on trees of henrys chestnut, castanea henryi, which is also a native host for the notorious oriental chestnut gall wasp ocgw, dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu.
Additional analyses were conducted by the panel to a determine the distribution of the endangered area within the eu territory. Dryocosmus kuriphilus could potentially spread throughout the range of castanea sativa mill. The chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu hymenoptera. Aug 30, 2011 the chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus is a global pest of chestnut castanea spp.
It affects castanea including sweet chestnut, causing galling on leaves, twigs and petioles inhibiting leaf function, which can weaken the tree, reducing nut production and making it. Cynipidae is one of the most important insect pests of chestnut. Behavioral, chemical, and electrophysiological investigations were. Ijms free fulltext transcriptome analysis of chinese. Chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus pest quarantine.
Biology and monitoring of dryocosmus kuriphilus on castanea. General information about dryocosmus kuriphilus drycku eppo global database. Parasitoid recruitment to the globally invasive chestnut gall wasp. Keywords urban forest areas, forests, nonnative insects, nonnative parasitoids, dryocosmus kuriphilus, torymus sinensis 1. Cynipide is globally invasive species and considered as one of the most damaging pests of sweet chestnuts 4. Risk assessment of the oriental chestnut gall wasp. Risk assessment of dryocosmus kuriphilus european food safety. Dryocosmus kuriphilus cynipidae gall, mook, the netherlands. Our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. Biological control of invasive dryocosmus kuriphilus with. Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a globally invasive insect pest.
In 2002, for the first time in europe, the oriental chestnut gall wasp cgw, d. Movement of infested plants from nurseries of this area has allowed the pest to progressively reach many other regions in italy. Occurrence of oriental chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus. Fungal community associated with adults of the chestnut gall. The first outbreak in europe occurred at a castanea sativa mill.
Drycosmus kuriphilus will also attack castanea dentata american sweet chestnut, castanea crenata japanese chestnut, castanea mollissima chinese chestnut, and any of their hybrids. Cynipidae is a potentially devastating exotic invasive gall wasp that is rapidly spreading throughout the eastern united states, and infests all species of chestnut, castanea spp. The wasp is native to asia, and has been introduced to continental europe. Arthropod biology community associates of an exotic gallmaker. First finding of dryocosmus kuriphilus in castanea sativa in the netherlands.
Dryocosmus kuriphilus life cycle dryocosmus kuriphilus oriental chestnut gall wasp is a gall wasp which affects a number of castanea chestnut species by causing galls to form on the growth buds and leaves. Invaded year of the chestnut gall wasps in various prefectures of japan. The most wellknown species colonize the oaks, with more than 1,000 species in the world more than 100 in europe. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. In this study the ecological interaction between the chestnut blight fungus cryphonectria parasitica and the chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus was investigated.
Dryocosmus kuriphilus is considered as one of the major pests of sweet chestnut and the effective method of controlling its populations and damage is the biological control with its introduced parasitoid torymus sinensis. While oak gall wasps rarely affect their host trees. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Established as a pest in the mid 20th century in japan, korea and the. Dryocosmus kuriphilus is the most severe insect pest of chestnut european and mediterranean plant protection organization 2005. It can reduce wood production and fruit yield by 50% to 75% aebi et al. A serious pest of chestnut trees 3 dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu. Media in category dryocosmus kuriphilus the following 23 files are in this category, out of 23 total. Effects of gall formation by dryocosmus kuriphilus. Cynipidae is an invasive wasp in europe and is one of the major. Biological control using its natural parasitoid torymus sinensis is the most promising method to control the pest. We determined if abandoned galls could be colonized by c.
Jun 17, 2010 the panel on plant health was requested by the european commission to deliver a scientific opinion on the risk posed by the oriental chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus to the eu territory and to identify and evaluate risk management options. Department of entomology, university of kentucky, s225 ag north, lexington, ky 405460091, usa highlights t. Nov 14, 2012 chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus pest quarantine agricoltura, alimentazione sistemi verdi. Torymus sinensis is a parasitoid of the chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus, introduced as a biological control agent into japan, usa, and since 2005, into europe. The use of torymus sinensis against dryocosmus kuriphilus. Mar 01, 2007 dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu hymenoptera.
Discolouration of bud caused by oviposition egg source. Community associates of an exotic gallmaker, dryocosmus kuriphilus hymenoptera. Biological control of the invasive dryocosmus kuriphilus hymenoptera. We used rnaseq to investigate the dynamic changes in the genes of a chestnut species c. Dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu, hymenoptera, cynipidae is a univoltine thelytokous females only species native to china that attacks different species of the chestnut genus castanea moriya et al. Classical biological control against the chestnut gall wasp. An outline seven years after the first report in piedmont italy giovanni bosio,1 chiara gerbaudo2 and enzo piazza2 1regione piemonte settore fitosanitario, environment park, pal. Asian chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu. Pdf parasitoid recruitment to the globally invasive. Its larvae cause galls, or bulbous growths, to form on the leaves of sweet chestnut trees castanea. The chestnut gall wasp, dryocosmus kuriphilus hymenoptera cynipidae, which is native to mainland asia, was introduced to japan, north america, and europe and has become a significant pest of cultivated chestnuts. Response of torymus sinensis, a parasitoid of the gallforming. Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a native of china which was discovered for the first time in britain, in southeast england, in 2015.
Established as a pest in the midtwentieth century in japan, korea and north america, this species was first reported in europe in 2002. Galled shoots were lower than ungalled shoots both in biomass ratio of leafshoot and in mean number of winter buds per shoot. Based on the known deep phylogenetic split between gallwasp taxa. Therefore, it is particularly interesting to identify infested plant batches before their movement. Original of china, it was accidentally introduced into several countries across the world. Interaction between two invasive organisms on the european. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria from d. During its expansion into new territories it has shown all the typical traits of an invasive species. At the time of bud burst in spring, the adults emerge to induce the formation of 520 mm diameter green or rose. Arthropod biology community associates of an exotic. Dec 19, 2005 click on the title to browse this issue. Successful deployment of a biocontrol agent, torymus sinensis, in japan has led to. It has been widespread in continental europe for some time.
The invasive dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu hy menoptera cynipidae, the asian chestnut gall wasp. After adult emergence, the gall dries, becomes woodlike, and remains attached to the tree for up to 2 years. The chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus is a global pest of chestnut castanea spp. First record of oriental chestnut gall wasp dryocosmus kuriphilus in croatia. Established as a pest in the midtwentieth century in japan, korea and north america, this species was. Establishment and long distance spread to non release sites.
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